Genestas could not help admiring the huge place.The cows and oxen stood in two rows,with their tails towards the side walls,and their heads in the middle of the shed.Access to the stalls was afforded by a fairly wide space between them and the wall;you could see their horned heads and shining eyes through the lattice work,so that it was easy for the master to run his eyes over the cattle.The fodder was placed on some staging erected above the stalls,so that it fell into the racks below without waste of labor or material.There was a wide-paved space down the centre,which was kept clean,and ventilated by a thorough draught of air.
"In the winter time,"Benassis said,as he walked with Genestas down the middle of the cowhouse,"both men and women do their work here together in the evenings.The tables are set out here,and in this way the people keep themselves warm without going to any expense.The sheep are housed in the same way.You would not believe how quickly the beasts fall into orderly ways.I have often wondered to see them come in;each knows her proper place,and allows those who take precedence to pass in before her.Look!there is just room enough in each stall to do the milking and to rub the cattle down;and the floor slopes a little to facilitate drainage.""One can judge of everything else from the sight of this cowhouse,"said Genestas;"without flattery,these are great results indeed!""We have had some trouble to bring them about,"Benassis answered;"but then,see what fine cattle they are!""They are splendid beasts certainly;you had good reason to praise them to me,"answered Genestas.
"Now,"said the doctor,when he had mounted his horse and passed under the gateway,we are going over some of the newly cleared waste,and through the corn land.I have christened this little corner of our Commune,'La Beauce.'"For about an hour they rode at a foot pace across fields in a state of high cultivation,on which the soldier complimented the doctor;then they came down the mountain side into the township again,talking whenever the pace of their horses allowed them to do so.At last they reached a narrow glen,down which they rode into the main valley.
"I promised yesterday,"Benassis said to Genestas,"to show you one of the two soldiers who left the army and came back to us after the fall of Napoleon.We shall find him somewhere hereabouts,if I am not mistaken.The mountain streams flow into a sort of natural reservoir or tarn up here;the earth they bring down has silted it up,and he is engaged in clearing it out.But if you are to take any interest in the man,I must tell you his history.His name is Gondrin.He was only eighteen years old when he was drawn in the great conion of 1792,and drafted into a corps of gunners.He served as a private soldier in Napoleon's campaigns in Italy,followed him to Egypt,and came back from the East after the Peace of Amiens.In the time of the Empire he was incorporated in the Pontoon Troop of the Guard,and was constantly on active service in Germany,lastly the poor fellow made the Russian campaign.""We are brothers-in-arms then,to some extent,"said Genestas;"I have made the same campaigns.Only an iron frame would stand the tricks played by so many different climates.My word for it,those who are still standing on their stumps after marching over Italy,Egypt,Germany,Portugal,and Russia must have applied to Providence and taken out a patent for living.""Just so,you will see a solid fragment of a man,"answered Benassis.
"You know all about the Retreat from Moscow;it is useless to tell you about it.This man I have told you of is one of the pontooners of the Beresina;he helped to construct the bridge by which the army made the passage,and stood waist-deep in water to drive in the first piles.
General Eble,who was in command of the pontooners,could only find forty-two men who were plucky enough,in Gondrin's phrase,to tackle that business.The general himself came down to the stream to hearten and cheer the men,promising each of them a pension of a thousand francs and the Cross of the Legion of Honor.The first who went down into the Beresina had his leg taken off by a block of ice,and the man himself was washed away;but you will better understand the difficulty of the task when you hear the end of the story.Of the forty-two volunteers,Gondrin is the only one alive to-day.Thirty-nine of them lost their lives in the Beresina,and the two others died miserably in a Polish hospital.
"The poor fellow himself only returned from Wilna in 1814,to find the Bourbons restored to power.General Eble (of whom Gondrin cannot speak without tears in his eyes)was dead.The pontooner was deaf,and his health was shattered;and as he could neither read nor write,he found no one left to help him or to plead his cause.He begged his way to Paris,and while there made application at the War Office,not for the thousand francs of extra pension which had been promised to him,nor yet for the Cross of the Legion of Honor,but only for the bare pension due to him after twenty-two years of service,and I do not know how many campaigns.He did not obtain his pension or his traveling expenses;he did not even receive his arrears of pay.He spent a year in making fruitless solicitations,holding out his hands in vain to those whom he had saved;and at the end of it he came back here,sorely disheartened but resigned to his fate.This hero unknown to fame does draining work on the land,for which he is paid ten sous the fathom.He is accustomed to working in a marshy soil,and so,as he says,he gets jobs which no one else cares to take.He can make about three francs a day by clearing out ponds,or draining meadows that lie under water.His deafness makes him seem surly,and he is not naturally inclined to say very much,but there is a good deal in him.
"We are very good friends.He dines with me on the day of Austerlitz,on the Emperor's birthday,and on the anniversary of the disaster at Waterloo,and during the dessert he always receives a napoleon to pay for his wine very quarter.Every one in the Commune shares in my feeling of respect for him;if he would allow them to support him,nothing would please them better.At every house to which he goes the people follow my example,and show their esteem by asking him to dine with them.It is a feeling of pride that leads him to work,and it is only as a portrait of the Emperor that he can be induced to take my twenty-franc piece.He has been deeply wounded by the injustice that has been done to him;but I think regret for the Cross is greater than the desire for his pension.
"He has one great consolation.After the bridges had been constructed across the Beresina,General Eble presented such of the pontooners as were not disabled to the Emperor,and Napoleon embraced poor Gondrin--perhaps but for that accolade he would have died ere now.This memory and the hope that some day Napoleon will return are all that Gondrin lives by.Nothing will ever persuade him that Napoleon is dead,and so convinced is he that the Emperor's captivity is wholly and solely due to the English,that I believe he would be ready on the slightest pretext to take the life of the best-natured alderman that ever traveled for pleasure in foreign parts.""Let us go on as fast as possible!"cried Genestas.He had listened to the doctor's story with rapt attention,and now seemed to recover consciousness of his surroundings."Let us hurry!I long to see that man!"Both of them put their horses to a gallop.
"The other soldier that I spoke of,"Benassis went on,"is another of those men of iron who have knocked about everywhere with our armies.
His life,like that of all French soldiers,has been made up of bullets,sabre strokes,and victories;he has had a very rough time of it,and has only worn the woolen epaulettes.He has a fanatical affection for Napoleon,who conferred the Cross upon him on the field of Valontina.He is of a jovial turn of mind,and like a genuine Dauphinois,has always looked after his own interests,has his pension,and the honors of the Legion.Goguelat is his name.He was an infantry man,who exchanged into the Guard in 1812.He is Gondrin's better half,so to speak,for the two have taken up house together.
They both lodge with a peddler's widow,and make over their money to her.She is a kind soul,who boards them and looks after them,and their clothes as if they were her children.
"In his quality of local postman,Goguelat carries all the news of the countryside,and a good deal of practice acquired in this way has made him an orator in great request at up-sittings,and the champion teller of stories in the district.Gondrin looks upon him as a very knowing fellow,and something of a wit;and whenever Goguelat talks about Napoleon,his comrade seems to understand what he is saying from the movement of his lips.There will be an up-sitting (as they call it)in one of my barns to-night.If these two come over to it,and we can manage to see without being seen,I shall treat you to a view of the spectacle.But here we are,close to the ditch,and I do not see my friend the pontooner."The doctor and the commandant looked everywhere about them;Gondrin's soldier's coat lay there beside a heap of black mud,and his wheelbarrow,spade,and pickaxe were visible,but there was no sign of the man himself along the various pebbly watercourses,for the wayward mountain streams had hollowed out channels that were almost overgrown with low bushes.
"He cannot be so very far away.Gondrin!Where are you?"shouted Benassis.
Genestas first saw the curling smoke from a tobacco pipe rise among the brushwood on a bank of rubbish not far away.He pointed it out to the doctor,who shouted again.The old pontooner raised his head at this,recognized the mayor,and came towards them down a little pathway.
"Well,old friend,"said Benassis,making a sort of speaking-trumpet with his hand."Here is a comrade of yours,who was out in Egypt,come to see you."Gondrin raised is face at once and gave Genestas a swift,keen,and searching look,one of those glances by which old soldiers are wont at once to take the measure of any impending danger.He saw the red ribbon that the commandant wore,and made a silent and respectful military salute.
"If the Little Corporal were alive,"the officer cried,"you would have the Cross of the Legion of Honor and a handsome pension besides,for every man who wore epaulettes on the other side of the river owed his life to you on the 1st of October 1812.But I am not the Minister of War,my friend,"the commandant added as he dismounted,and with a sudden rush of feeling he grasped the laborer's hand.
The old pontooner drew himself up at the words,he knocked the ashes from his pipe,and put it in his pocket.
"I only did my duty,sir,"he said,with his head bent down;"but others have not done their duty by me.They asked for my papers!Why,the Twenty-ninth Bulletin,I told them,must do instead of my papers!""But you must make another application,comrade.You are bound to have justice done you in these days,if influence is brought to bear in the right quarter.""Justice!"cried the veteran.The doctor and the commandant shuddered at the tone in which he spoke.
In the brief pause that followed,both the horsemen looked at the man before them,who seemed like a fragment of the wreck of great armies which Napoleon had filled with men of bronze sought out from among three generations.Gondrin was certainly a splendid specimen of that seemingly indestructible mass of men which might be cut to pieces but never gave way.The old man was scarcely five feet high,wide across the shoulders,and broad-chested;his face was sunburned,furrowed with deep wrinkles,but the outlines were still firm in spite of the hollows in it,and one could see even now that it was the face of a soldier.It was a rough-hewn countenance,his forehead seemed like a block of granite;but there was a weary expression about his face,and the gray hairs hung scantily about his head,as if life were waning there already.Everything about him indicated unusual strength;his arms were covered thickly with hair,and so was the chest,which was visible through the opening of his coarse shirt.In spite of his almost crooked legs,he held himself firm and erect,as if nothing could shake him.
"Justice,"he said once more;"there will never be justice for the like of us.We cannot send bailiffs to the Government to demand our dues for us;and as the wallet must be filled somehow,"he said,striking his stomach,"we cannot afford to wait.Moreover,these gentry who lead snug lives in government offices may talk and talk,but their words are not good to eat,so I have come back here again to draw my pay out of the commonalty,"he said,striking the mud with his spade.
"Things must not be left in that way,old comrade,"said Genestas."Iowe my life to you,and it would be ungrateful of me if I did not lend you a hand.I have not forgotten the passage over the bridges in the Beresina,and it is fresh in the memories of some brave fellows of my acquaintance;they will back me up,and the nation shall give you the recognition you deserve.""You will be called a Bonapartist!Please do not meddle in the matter,sir.I have gone to the rear now,and I have dropped into my hole here like a spent bullet.But after riding on camels through the desert,and drinking my glass by the fireside in Moscow,I never thought that I should come back to die here beneath the trees that my father planted,"and he began to work again.
"Poor old man!"said Genestas,as they turned to go."I should do the same if I were in his place;we have lost our father.Everything seems dark to me now that I have seen that man's hopelessness,"he went on,addressing Benassis;"he does not know how much I am interested in him,and he will think that I am one of those gilded rascals who cannot feel for a soldier's sufferings."He turned quickly and went back,grasped the veteran's hand,and spoke loudly in his ear:
"I swear by the Cross I wear--the Cross of Honor it used to be--that Iwill do all that man can do to obtain your pension for you;even if Ihave to swallow a dozen refusals from the minister,and to petition the king and the dauphin and the whole shop!"Old Gondrin quivered as he heard the words.He looked hard at Genestas and said,"Haven't you served in the ranks?"The commandant nodded.
The pontooner wiped his hand and took that of Genestas,which he grasped warmly and said:
"I made the army a present of my life,general,when I waded out into the river yonder,and if I am still alive,it is all so much to the good.One moment!Do you care to see to the bottom of it?Well,then,ever since SOMEBODY was pulled down from his place,I have ceased to care about anything.And,after all,"he went on cheerfully,as he pointed to the land,"they have made over twenty thousand francs to me here,and I am taking it out in detail,as HE used to say!""Well,then,comrade,"said Genestas,touched by the grandeur of this forgiveness,"at least you shall have the only thing that you cannot prevent me from giving to you,here below."The commandant tapped his heart,looked once more at the old pontooner,mounted his horse again,and went his way side by side with Benassis.
"Such cruelty as this on the part of the government foments the strife between rich and poor,"said the doctor."People who exercise a little brief authority have never given a serious thought to the consequences that must follow an act of injustice done to a man of the people.It is true that a poor man who needs must work for his daily bread cannot long keep up the struggle;but he can talk,and his words find an echo in every sufferer's heart,so that one bad case of this kind is multiplied,for every one who hears of it feels it as a personal wrong,and the leaven works.Even this is not so serious,but something far worse comes of it.Among the people,these causes of injustice bring about a chronic state of smothered hatred for their social superiors.The middle class becomes the poor man's enemy;they lie without the bounds of his moral code,he tells lies to them and robs them without scruple;indeed,theft ceases to be a crime or a misdemeanor,and is looked upon as an act of vengeance.
"When an official,who ought to see that the poor have justice done them,uses them ill and cheats them of their due,how can we expect the poor starving wretches to bear their troubles meekly and to respect the rights of property?It makes me shudder to think that some understrapper whose business it is to dust papers in a government office,has pocketed Gondrin's promised thousand francs of pension.
And yet there are folk who,never having measured the excess of the people's sufferings,accuse the people of excess in the day of their vengeance!When a government has done more harm than good to individuals,its further existence depends on the merest accident,the masses square the account after their fashion by upsetting it.Astatesman ought always to imagine Justice with the poor at her feet,for justice was only invented for the poor."When they had come within the compass of the township,Benassis saw two people walking along the road in front of them,and turned to his companion,who had been absorbed for some time in thought.
"You have seen a veteran soldier resigned to his life of wretchedness,and now you are about to see an old agricultural laborer who is submitting to the same lot.The man there ahead of us has dug and sown and toiled for others all his life."Genestas looked and saw an old laborer making his way along the road,in company with an aged woman.He seemed to be afflicted with some form of sciatica,and limped painfully along.His feet were encased in a wretched pair of sabots,and a sort of wallet hung over his shoulder.Several tools lay in the bottom of the bag;their handles,blackened with long use and the sweat of toil,rattled audibly together;while the other end of the wallet behind his shoulder held bread,some walnuts,and a few fresh onions.His legs seemed to be warped,as it were,his back was bent by continual toil;he stooped so much as he walked that he leaned on a long stick to steady himself.
His snow-white hair escaped from under a battered hat,grown rusty by exposure to all sorts of weather,and mended here and there with visible stitches of white thread.His clothes,made of a kind of rough canvas,were a mass of patches of contrasting colors.This piece of humanity in ruins lacked none of the characteristics that appeal to our hearts when we see ruins of other kinds.
His wife held herself somewhat more erect.Her clothing was likewise a mass of rags,and the cap that she wore was of the coarsest materials.
On her back she carried a rough earthen jar by means of a thong passed through the handles of the great pitcher,which was round in shape and flattened at the sides.They both looked up when they heard the horses approaching,saw that it was Benassis,and stopped.
The man had worked till he was almost past work,and his faithful helpmate was no less broken with toil.It was painful to see how the summer sun and the winter's cold had blackened their faces,and covered them with such deep wrinkles that their features were hardly discernible.It was not their life history that had been engraven on their faces;but it might be gathered from their attitude and bearing.
Incessant toil had been the lot of both;they had worked and suffered together;they had had many troubles and few joys to share;and now,like captives grown accustomed to their prison,they seemed to be too familiar with wretchedness to heed it,and to take everything as it came.Yet a certain frank light-heartedness was not lacking in their faces;and on a closer view,their monotonous life,the lot of so many a poor creature,well-nigh seemed an enviable one.Trouble had set its unmistakable mark on them,but petty cares had left no traces there.
"Well,my good Father Moreau,I suppose there is no help for it,and you must always be working?""Yes,M.Benassis,there are one or two more bits of waste that I mean to clear for you before I knock off work,"the old man answered cheerfully,and light shone in his little black eyes.
"Is that wine that your wife is carrying?If you will not take a rest now,you ought at any rate to take wine.""I take a rest?I should not know what to do with myself.The sun and the fresh air put life into me when I am out of doors and busy grubbing up the land.As to the wine,sir,yes,that is wine sure enough,and it is all through your contriving I know that the Mayor at Courteil lets us have it for next to nothing.Ah,you managed it very cleverly,but,all the same,I know you had a hand in it.""Oh!come,come!Good-day,mother.You are going to work on that bit of land of Champferlu's to-day of course?""Yes,sir;I made a beginning there yesterday evening.""Capital!"said Benassis."It must be a satisfaction to you,at times,to see this hillside.You two have broken up almost the whole of the land on it yourselves.""Lord!yes,sir,"answered the old woman,"it has been our doing!We have fairly earned our bread.""Work,you see,and land to cultivate are the poor man's consols.That good man would think himself disgraced if he went into the poorhouse or begged for his bread;he would choose to die pickaxe in hand,out in the open,in the sunlight.Faith,he bears a proud heart in him.He has worked until work has become his very life;and yet death has no terrors for him!He is a profound philosopher,little as he suspects it.Old Moreau's case suggested the idea to me of founding an almshouse for the country people of the district;a refuge for those who,after working hard all their lives,have reached an honorable old age of poverty.
"I had by no means expected to make the fortune which I have acquired here;indeed,I myself have no use for it,for a man who has fallen from the pinnacle of his hopes needs very little.It costs but little to live,the idler's life alone is a costly one,and I am not sure that the unproductive consumer is not robbing the community at large.
There was some discussion about Napoleon's pension after his fall;it came to his ears,and he said that five francs a day and a horse to ride was all that he needed.I meant to have no more to do with money when I came here;but after a time I saw that money means power,and that it is in fact a necessity,if any good is to be done.So I have made arrangements in my will for turning my house into an almshouse,in which old people who have not Moreau's fierce independence can end their days.Part of the income of nine thousand francs brought in by the mill and the rest of my property will be devoted to giving outdoor relief in hard winters to those who really stand in need of it.
"This foundation will be under the control of the Municipal Council,with the addition of the cure,who is to be president;and in this way the money made in the district will be returned to it.In my will Ihave laid down the lines on which this institution is to be conducted;it would be tedious to go over them,it is enough to say that I have a fund which will some day enable the Commune to award several scholarships for children who show signs of promise in art or science.
So,even after I am gone,my work of civilization will continue.When you have set yourself to do anything,Captain Bluteau,something within you urges you on,you see,and you cannot bear to leave it unfinished.This craving within us for order and for perfection is one of the signs that point most surely to a future existence.Now,let us quicken our pace,I have my round to finish,and there are five or six more patients still to be visited."They cantered on for some time in silence,till Benassis said laughingly to his companion,"Come now,Captain Bluteau,you have drawn me out and made me chatter like a magpie,and you have not said a syllable about your own history,which must be an interesting one.
